Extra Recipes Steps for Dealing with Unbalanced Data.

themis

themis contains extra steps for the recipes package for dealing with unbalanced data. The name themis is that of the ancient Greek god who is typically depicted with a balance.

Installation

You can install the released version of themis from CRAN with:

install.packages("themis")

Install the development version from GitHub with:

# install.packages("pak")
pak::pak("tidymodels/themis")

Example

Following is a example of using the SMOTE algorithm to deal with unbalanced data

library(recipes)
library(modeldata)
library(themis)

data("credit_data", package = "modeldata")

credit_data0 <- credit_data %>%
  filter(!is.na(Job))

count(credit_data0, Job)
#>         Job    n
#> 1     fixed 2805
#> 2 freelance 1024
#> 3    others  171
#> 4   partime  452

ds_rec <- recipe(Job ~ Time + Age + Expenses, data = credit_data0) %>%
  step_impute_mean(all_predictors()) %>%
  step_smote(Job, over_ratio = 0.25) %>%
  prep()

ds_rec %>%
  bake(new_data = NULL) %>%
  count(Job)
#> # A tibble: 4 × 2
#>   Job           n
#>   <fct>     <int>
#> 1 fixed      2805
#> 2 freelance  1024
#> 3 others      701
#> 4 partime     701

Methods

Below is some unbalanced data. Used for examples latter.

example_data <- data.frame(class = letters[rep(1:5, 1:5 * 10)],
                           x = rnorm(150))

library(ggplot2)

example_data %>%
  ggplot(aes(class)) +
  geom_bar()

Upsample / Over-sampling

The following methods all share the tuning parameter over_ratio, which is the ratio of the minority-to-majority frequencies.

By setting over_ratio = 1 you bring the number of samples of all minority classes equal to 100% of the majority class.

recipe(~., example_data) %>%
  step_upsample(class, over_ratio = 1) %>%
  prep() %>%
  bake(new_data = NULL) %>%
  ggplot(aes(class)) +
  geom_bar()

and by setting over_ratio = 0.5 we upsample any minority class with less samples then 50% of the majority up to have 50% of the majority.

recipe(~., example_data) %>%
  step_upsample(class, over_ratio = 0.5) %>%
  prep() %>%
  bake(new_data = NULL) %>%
  ggplot(aes(class)) +
  geom_bar()

Downsample / Under-sampling

Most of the the following methods all share the tuning parameter under_ratio, which is the ratio of the majority-to-minority frequencies.

By setting under_ratio = 1 you bring the number of samples of all majority classes equal to 100% of the minority class.

recipe(~., example_data) %>%
  step_downsample(class, under_ratio = 1) %>%
  prep() %>%
  bake(new_data = NULL) %>%
  ggplot(aes(class)) +
  geom_bar()

and by setting under_ratio = 2 we downsample any majority class with more then 200% samples of the minority class down to have to 200% samples of the minority.

recipe(~., example_data) %>%
  step_downsample(class, under_ratio = 2) %>%
  prep() %>%
  bake(new_data = NULL) %>%
  ggplot(aes(class)) +
  geom_bar()

Contributing

This project is released with a Contributor Code of Conduct. By contributing to this project, you agree to abide by its terms.

• For questions and discussions about tidymodels packages, modeling, and machine learning, join us on RStudio Community.

• If you think you have encountered a bug, please submit an issue.

• Either way, learn how to create and share a reprex (a minimal, reproducible example), to clearly communicate about your code.

• Check out further details on contributing guidelines for tidymodels packages and how to get help.