Analysis of Coupling Coordination Degree.

coupling

Analysis of Coupling Coordination Degree

coupling is an R package for coupling coordination analysis based on coupling coordination degree (CCD) models. It incorporates metacoupling frameworks to characterize cross-scale linkages, flows, and feedbacks within and among coupled systems.

Refer to the package documentation https://stscl.github.io/coupling/ for more detailed information.

Installation

• Install from CRAN with:

install.packages("coupling", dep = TRUE)

• Install binary version from R-universe with:

install.packages("coupling",
                 repos = c("https://stscl.r-universe.dev",
                           "https://cloud.r-project.org"),
                 dep = TRUE)

• Install from source code on GitHub with:

if (!requireNamespace("devtools")) {
    install.packages("devtools")
}
devtools::install_github("stscl/coupling",
                         build_vignettes = TRUE,
                         dep = TRUE)

References

Tang, P., Huang, J., Zhou, H., Fang, C., Zhan, Y., Huang, W., 2021. Local and telecoupling coordination degree model of urbanization and the eco-environment based on RS and GIS: A case study in the Wuhan urban agglomeration. Sustainable Cities and Society 75, 103405. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2021.103405.

Wang, S., Kong, W., Ren, L. and ZHI, D., 2021. Research on misuses and modification of coupling coordination degree model in China. Journal of Natural Resources, 36, 793-810. https://doi.org/10.31497/zrzyxb.20210319.

Fan, D., Ke, H. and Cao, R., 2024. Modification and improvement of coupling coordination degree model. Stat. Decis, 40, 41-46. https://doi.org/10.13546/j.cnki.tjyjc.2024.22.007.

Xie, A., Zhang, F., Ding, Y., Chen, J., Yang, P., Peng, G., 2025. Exploring the Dynamic Local and Tele‐Coupling Coordination Mechanism of the Ecosystem Services Supply–Demand and Its Driving Forces: Taking China’s Yangtze River Economic Belt as an Example. Land Degradation & Development 36, 3178–3193. https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.5559.

Li, Y., Jia, N., Zheng, L., Yin, C., Chen, K., Sun, N., Jiang, A., Wang, M., Chen, R., Zhou, Z., 2026. A meta-coupling analysis between three-dimensional urbanization and ecosystem services in China’s urban agglomerations. Communications Earth & Environment 7. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-03047-w.