Geographic Networks.
geonetwork
Classes and methods for handling networks or graphs whose nodes are geographical (i.e. locations in the globe). Create, transform, plot.
Installation
You can install the released version of geonetwork
from CRAN with:
install.packages("geonetwork")
Alternatively, install the latest development version with:
install.packages("geonetwork", repos = 'https://cirad-astre.r-universe.dev')
Example
Creation
A geonetwork
is an object of class igraph
whose nodes have geospatial attributes (i.e. coordinates and CRS).
Consider the distances (in km) between 21 cities in Europe from the datasets
package. A simple way of constructing a geonetwork
is by combining a data.frame of nodes
with one of edges
:
## Use OpenStreetMap's Nominatim service through the package {tmaptools}
## to retrieve coordinates of the cities.
## Restrict search to Europe (to prevent homonym cities to show up)
cities <- tmaptools::geocode_OSM(
paste(
labels(datasets::eurodist),
"viewbox=-31.64063%2C60.93043%2C93.16406%2C31.65338",
sep = "&"
)
)
cities$city <- labels(datasets::eurodist)
distances <-
expand.grid(
origin = labels(datasets::eurodist),
destin = labels(datasets::eurodist),
stringsAsFactors = FALSE,
KEEP.OUT.ATTRS = FALSE
)
distances <-
cbind(
distances[distances$destin < distances$origin,],
distance = as.numeric(datasets::eurodist)
)
str(cities)
#> 'data.frame': 21 obs. of 8 variables:
#> $ query : chr "Athens&viewbox=-31.64063%2C60.93043%2C93.16406%2C31.65338" "Barcelona&viewbox=-31.64063%2C60.93043%2C93.16406%2C31.65338" "Brussels&viewbox=-31.64063%2C60.93043%2C93.16406%2C31.65338" "Calais&viewbox=-31.64063%2C60.93043%2C93.16406%2C31.65338" ...
#> $ lat : num 38 41.4 50.8 51 49.6 ...
#> $ lon : num 23.73 2.18 4.35 1.85 -1.62 ...
#> $ lat_min: num 37.8 41.3 50.8 50.9 49.6 ...
#> $ lat_max: num 38.1 41.5 50.9 51 49.7 ...
#> $ lon_min: num 23.57 2.05 4.31 1.81 -1.74 ...
#> $ lon_max: num 23.89 2.23 4.44 1.93 -1.53 ...
#> $ city : chr "Athens" "Barcelona" "Brussels" "Calais" ...
str(distances)
#> 'data.frame': 210 obs. of 3 variables:
#> $ origin : chr "Barcelona" "Brussels" "Calais" "Cherbourg" ...
#> $ destin : chr "Athens" "Athens" "Athens" "Athens" ...
#> $ distance: num 3313 2963 3175 3339 2762 ...
eurodist <- geonetwork(
distances,
nodes = cities[, c("city", "lon", "lat")],
directed = FALSE
)
Several assumptions were made here unless otherwise specified:
The first column in
cities
was matched with the first two columns indistances
.The second and third columns in
cities
were assumed to be longitude and latitude in decimal degrees in a WGS84 CRS.The remaining column in
distances
was treated as an edge weight.
Now we can readily plot the network, optionally with some additional geographical layer for context:
## Base system
plot(eurodist, axes = TRUE, type = "n")
plot(sf::st_geometry(spData::world), col = "lightgray", add = TRUE)
plot(eurodist, axes = TRUE, add = TRUE)