Interface with 'Nominatim' API Service.

nominatimlite

The goal of nominatimlite is to provide a light interface for geocoding addresses, based on the Nominatim API. It also allows to load spatial objects using the sf package.

Full site with examples and vignettes on https://dieghernan.github.io/nominatimlite/

What is Nominatim?

Nominatim is a tool to search OpenStreetMap data by name and address (geocoding) and to generate synthetic addresses of OSM points (reverse geocoding).

Why nominatimlite?

The main goal of nominatimlite is to access the Nominatim API avoiding the dependency on curl. In some situations, curl may not be available or accessible, so nominatimlite uses base functions to overcome this limitation.

Recommended packages

There are other packages much more complete and mature than nominatimlite, that presents similar features:

• tidygeocoder (Cambon et al. 2021): Allows to interface with Nominatim, Google, TomTom, Mapbox, etc. for geocoding and reverse geocoding.
• osmdata (Padgham et al. 2017): Great for downloading spatial data from OpenStreetMap, via the Overpass API.
• arcgeocoder (Hernangómez 2024): Lite interface for geocoding with the ArcGIS REST API Service.

Installation

Install nominatimlite from CRAN:

install.packages("nominatimlite")

You can install the developing version of nominatimlite with:

remotes::install_github("dieghernan/nominatimlite")

Alternatively, you can install nominatimlite using the r-universe:

# Install nominatimlite in R:
install.packages("nominatimlite",
  repos = c(
    "https://dieghernan.r-universe.dev",
    "https://cloud.r-project.org"
  )
)

Usage

sf objects

With nominatimlite you can extract spatial objects easily:

library(nominatimlite)

# Extract some points - Pizza Hut in California

CA <- geo_lite_sf("California", points_only = FALSE)

pizzahut <- geo_lite_sf("Pizza Hut, California",
  limit = 50,
  custom_query = list(countrycodes = "us")
)

library(ggplot2)

ggplot(CA) +
  geom_sf() +
  geom_sf(data = pizzahut, col = "red")

You can also extract polygon and line objects (as provided by the Nominatim API) using the option points_only = FALSE:

sol_poly <- geo_lite_sf("Statue of Liberty, NY, USA", points_only = FALSE) # a building - a polygon

ggplot(sol_poly) +
  geom_sf()

dayton <- geo_lite_sf("Dayton, OH") # default - a point
ohio_state <- geo_lite_sf("Ohio, USA", points_only = FALSE) # a US state - a polygon
ohio_river <- geo_lite_sf("Ohio river", points_only = FALSE) # a river - a line

ggplot() +
  geom_sf(data = ohio_state) +
  geom_sf(data = dayton, color = "red", pch = 4) +
  geom_sf(data = ohio_river, color = "blue")

Geocoding and reverse geocoding

Note: examples adapted from tidygeocoder package

In this first example we will geocode a few addresses using the geo_lite() function:

library(tibble)

# create a dataframe with addresses
some_addresses <- tribble(
  ~name,                  ~addr,
  "White House",          "1600 Pennsylvania Ave NW, Washington, DC",
  "Transamerica Pyramid", "600 Montgomery St, San Francisco, CA 94111",
  "Willis Tower",         "233 S Wacker Dr, Chicago, IL 60606"
)

# geocode the addresses
lat_longs <- geo_lite(some_addresses$addr, lat = "latitude", long = "longitude")
#>   |                                                          |                                                  |   0%  |                                                          |=================                                 |  33%  |                                                          |=================================                 |  67%  |                                                          |==================================================| 100%

Only latitude and longitude are returned from the geocoder service in this example, but full_results = TRUE can be used to return all of the data from the geocoder service.

To perform reverse geocoding (obtaining addresses from geographic coordinates), we can use the reverse_geo_lite() function. The arguments are similar to the geo_lite() function, but now we specify the input data columns with the lat and long arguments. The dataset used here is from the geocoder query above. The single line address is returned in a column named by the address.

reverse <- reverse_geo_lite(
  lat = lat_longs$latitude, long = lat_longs$longitude,
  address = "address_found"
)
#>   |                                                          |                                                  |   0%  |                                                          |=================                                 |  33%  |                                                          |=================================                 |  67%  |                                                          |==================================================| 100%

For more advance users, see Nominatim docs to check the parameters available.

Citation

Hernangómez D (2024). nominatimlite: Interface with Nominatim API Service. doi:10.32614/CRAN.package.nominatimlite, https://dieghernan.github.io/nominatimlite/.

A BibTeX entry for LaTeX users is

@Manual{R-nominatimlite,
  title = {{nominatimlite}: Interface with {Nominatim} {API} Service},
  doi = {10.32614/CRAN.package.nominatimlite},
  author = {Diego Hernangómez},
  year = {2024},
  version = {0.4.1},
  url = {https://dieghernan.github.io/nominatimlite/},
  abstract = {Lite interface for getting data from OSM service Nominatim <https://nominatim.org/release-docs/latest/>. Extract coordinates from addresses, find places near a set of coordinates and return spatial objects on sf format.},
}

References